köken: Possibly from Proto-Slavic *jerъxь (“something thorny, jagged”), from *(j)erъx-. Per Vasmer, the original meaning (still found dialectally) was "jagged nail". In the contemporary sense attested since late 15th century. Cognate with Ukrainian йорж (jorž, “ruffe”). Compare also Russian еро́шить (jeróšitʹ, “to ruffle”), Russian еро́ховый (jeróxovyj, “branchy, gnarly”) (about a tree or wood,…
ruffe (small freshwater fish, especially Gymnocephalus cernua)
çekim: çoğul ķīši · tamlayan ķīša
köken: Borrowed from Livonian kīš (“ruffe”); compare cognates in other Baltic-Finnic languages (Finnish kiiski, Estonian kiisk, kiis (“ruffe”)). This word is already attested in 15th-16th century family names, in 17th-century dictionaries as ķīsa, ķīsis, and from the 18th century on only in its modern form ķīsis.