creates the female form for many nouns for living beings; umlaut usually occurs in monosyllables, but rarely in polysyllables · names the wife of a person · creates female personal names (for wives and daughters)
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *-inī Proto-West Germanic *-ini Old High German -in Middle High German -in German -in From Middle High German -inne, -in, from Old High German -inna, -in, from Proto-West Germanic *-ini, from Proto-Germanic *-inī.
Arbeitgeber (“employer”) + -in → Arbeitgeberin (“employer (female person or sexless company)”)
Autor (“author”) + -in → Autorin (“author (female person, i.e. a female author or authoress, or sexless company, abstract thing)”)
inflectional suffix used to form diminutives of feminine nouns · used to form the feminine of masculine nouns and given names · used to form collective numerals
appended to nouns or proper nouns, often surnames (ending with -a and -g, -ge, -go) to form nouns meaning: wife of · appended to animals to mean meat of · appended to trees to form nouns meaning: forest of
eş: -owa
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-iHneh Proto-Balto-Slavic *-īˀnāˀder. Proto-Slavic *-ina Old Polish -ina Polish -ina Inherited from Old Polish -ina.
Used to form names of chemical substances, especially basic (alkaline) substances, alkaloidal substances, or halogen elements. · Of or pertaining to, characteristics.
köken: Partly from Old French -in, -ine, from Latin -īnus, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos. And from Ancient Greek -ινος (-inos).
suffix forming singulative nouns, e.g. a person from a group; or, appended to some kinds of nouns to change the form but not its meaning
köken: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Slavic *-inъ Old Church Slavonic -инъ (-inŭ) Bulgarian -ин Inherited from Old Church Slavonic -инъ (-inŭ), from Proto-Slavic *-inъ.