köken: Inherited from Middle French garance, from Old French garance, warance, from Frankish *wrattjā, from Proto-Germanic *wratjō (“red dye”). Cognate with Old High German rezza, reiza (“scarlet; purple; crimson; red; madder”), Old English wræt, wrætte (“crosswort; madder”).
köken: Borrowed from German Krapp, itself from Middle Dutch crappe, from Proto-Germanic *krappô (“hook”), a reference to the plant’s hook-shaped thorns.
köken: Borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥόϊνος (rhóïnos, “garnet, pomegranate-coloured”), influenced by روی (rōy, “copper”), plausibly also acquired via Aramaic attested in Classical Syriac ܪܘܙܢܘܣ.
madder (Rubia tinctorum) · madder (red dye made of the roots of the madder plant)
eş: mee, mede
köken: Compound of mee (“madder”) + krap (“hook”). The first element is inherited from Middle Dutch mede, which derives from Proto-Germanic *maiþǭ. The second element was likely added in reference to hook-shaped parts of the plant. First attested as meecrappe in 1588, although Middle Dutch already has crapmee meaning the same.