內卷
/neɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
ÇINCE → TR
Tanım
•to undergo involution: to stop developing or progressing despite intense inner competition · to be in a state of increased competition for limited resources, requiring great effort to stay ahead · to study harder or work longer as a result of intense competition among peers
Etimoloji
Calque of English involution, from its Latin roots. This sense was coined in Agricultural Involution: The Processes of Ecological Change in Indonesia (1963) by Clifford Geertz, as an antonym of evolution, where Geertz observed Javanese and Balinese rice farmers failed to transit from labor-intensive farming to capital-intensive farming, but rather developing intensive competition that did not…